Negative strain-rate sensitivity due to dynamic strain aging in Aluminium-5XXX alloys leads to reduced ductility and plastic instabilities at room temperature, inhibiting application of these alloys in many forming processes. Here a hierarchical multiscale model is presented that uses (i) quantum and atomic information on solute energies and motion around a dislocation core, (ii) dislocation models to predict the effects of solutes on dislocation motion through a dislocation forest, (iii) a thermo-kinetic constitutive model that faithfully includes the atomistic and dislocation scale mechanisms and (iv) a finite-element implementation, to predict the ductility as a function of temperature and strain rate in AA5182. The model, which contains no significant adjustable parameters, predicts the observed steep drop in ductility at room temperature, which can be directly attributed to the atomistic aging mechanism. On the basis of quantum inputs, this multiscale theory can be used in the future to design new alloys with higher ductility.© 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.