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Revisiting (nested) Roos bias in RC4 key scheduling algorithm
Published in Springer New York LLC
2017
Volume: 82
   
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 131 - 148
Abstract
RC4 is one of the most popular stream cipher with wide industrial applications, it has received serious attention in cryptology literature in the last 2 decades. In 1995, Roos pointed out that the elements SN[ y] of the permutation SN after the key scheduling algorithm for the first few values of y are biased to certain combinations of secret key bytes. These correlations were theoretically studied by Paul and Maitra (SAC, 2007). The formula for the correlation probabilities provided by them gives a wrong impression that the probabilities decrease as the value of y becomes larger, which is not true. In this paper, we point out some gaps in their analysis and present a detailed analysis of Roos bias. We provide a more accurate formula for the correlation probabilities. We further study nested Roos type biases and present comparison results. These types of biases are used to reconstruct key from the permutation SN for better success probability. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
About the journal
JournalData powered by TypesetDesigns, Codes, and Cryptography
PublisherData powered by TypesetSpringer New York LLC
ISSN09251022
Open AccessNo
Concepts (11)
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    Algorithms
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    Cryptography
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    Probability
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    ACCURATE FORMULAS
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    COMPARISON RESULT
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    CRYPTANALYSIS
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    Cryptology
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    ROOS BIAS
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    Secret key
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    Stream ciphers
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    Scheduling algorithms