Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation studies are carried out on three different aromatic diimide lithium carboxylates. Among all, naphthalene diimide based dilithium carboxylate delivers a remarkably stable capacity of 134 mAh g-1 at 2.24 V vs. Li/Li+ over 125 cycles with a low polarization of 50 mV. A striking feature is that, the lithiation/delithiation process is biphasic with excellent plateau behaviour in the voltage-composition profile. DFT calculations confirm the lower band gap and higher electron affinity for this compound. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Kothandaraman Ramanujam

Department Of Chemistry

Upadhyayula V Varadaraju

M. Veerababu

Aromatic compounds

Aromatization

Carboxylation

Electron affinity

Energy gap

naphthalene

CHARGE/DISCHARGE

COMPOSITION PROFILE

DFT calculation

DILITHIUM

ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIATION

Lithiation/delithiation

Lithium storages

NAPHTHALENE DIIMIDE

lithium

IIT Madras is a public technical and research university located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Founded in 1959, it is recognised as an Institute of National Importance.

IIT Madras has been ranked as the top engineering institute in India for four years in a row by the National Institutional Ranking Framework of the MHRD

It currently offers undergraduate, postgraduate and research degrees across 16 disciplines in Engineering, Sciences, Humanities and Management. About 596 faculty belonging to science and engineering departments and centres of the Institute are engaged in teaching, research and industrial consultancy.

IIT Madras

Electrochimica Acta

A Iron/2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (Fe-DDQ) primary battery operating in neat methanesulfonic acid (MSA) is explored. As it involves abundant Fe and renewable materials such as DDQ and MSA, it is expected to be cost effective powering system for single use applications. Stainless steel (SS-304) is used as Fe source (anode) and DDQ in MSA used as cathode. Oxidation characteristics of SS-304 in neat MSA, 14 M and 12 M MSA were explored. As reactivity of SS with MSA is controllable without any rapid H2 evolution while comparing with that of Fe granules, making/demonstration of SS-DDQ based battery system is possible. Moreover, neat MSA does not allow formation of passive layer on SS, thereby allowing continuous operation of battery. As a proof of concept, we have demonstrated a two-cell stack powering a light emitting diode (LED). © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

ChemistrySelect

Iron-Dicyano Dichloro Quinone Primary Battery

Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation and sodiation/desodiation studies are carried out on lithium [1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′,4,4′-tetracarboxylate (Li 4 -BPTC). Although four Li + can be inserted, only two Li + was reversible yielding a capacity of 110, 122 and 107&nbsp;mAh&nbsp;g −1 (after 50 cycles) at a current density of 40, 80 and 160&nbsp;mA&nbsp;g −1 respectively. As sodium analog of Li 4 -BPTC is unstable in the ambient conditions, Li 4 -BPTC was tested in sodium half-cell and a reversible capacity of 107&nbsp;mAh&nbsp;g −1 was obtained even after 200 cycles at 160&nbsp;mA&nbsp;g −1 rate. The exchange of Li + by Na + in Li 4 -BPTC electrode during the electrochemical sodiation/desodiation was confirmed by ICP-OES and XPS studies. © 2016

Applied Surface Science

Lithium salt of biphenyl tetracarboxylate as an anode material for Li/Na-ion batteries

A rational functionalization of conjugated dicarboxylate is reported here to enhance the cyclability and rate capability for Li-ion batteries. Introduction of carbonyl groups between aromatic rings is explored as an alternative way to extend π-conjugation. For the proof of concept, 4,4′-bis(lithiooxycarbonyl)benzil (Li2-BZL) was synthesized and compared its lithium storage performance against lithium [1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-dicarboxylate (Li2-BPDC). The Li2-BZL electrode delivers a stable capacity of 165 mAh g−1 even after 50 cycles at current density of 50 mAh g−1 whereas, rapid capacity fading was observed in the case of Li2-BPDC. Density functional theory (DFT) studies confirmed that the carbonyl groups in the Li2-BZL to reduce the bandgap, thereby improving the elctrochemical lithium storage performance of Li2-BZL electrode in comparision to that of Li2-BPDC. © 2017 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Introduction of carbonyl groups: An approach to enhance electrochemical performance of conjugated dicarboxylate for Li-ion batteries

The synthesis, characterization and electrochemical sodiation/desodiation performance of two novel disodium diimide carboxylates, disodium salt of N,N'-bis (glycinyl) pyromellitic diimide (Na2-BPDI) and disodium salt of N,N'-bis (glycinyl) naphthalene diimide (Na2-BNDI) were reported for the first time. The Na2-BNDI electrode material delivers a reversible capacity of 122 mAh g-1 in the first cycle and retains a reasonable capacity of 92 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles at a current density of 50 mA g-1, whereas a rapid capacity fading is observed in the case of Na2-BPDI electrode material in subsequent cycles. Ex-situ NMR and FT-IR studies confirmed that the decomposition of Na2-BPDI electrode material upon continuous electrochemical sodiation/desodiation process. These results demonstrate that the importance of extended conjugation, as in Na2-BNDI, for efficient electrochemical sodium storage in the redox active aromatic compound. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS.

Reversible sodium storage behavior of aromatic diimide disodium carboxylates

Perylene based dilithium salt of N,N’-bis (glycinyl) perylene diimide (Li2-PDI) was synthesized and studied as an electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. The –CH2–COOLi functionalization of perylene diimide is a simple strategy to mitigate the dissolution of the monomer in the electrolyte. The Li2-PDI electrode exhibits excellent capacity retention behaviour and delivers a stable specific capacity of 101&nbsp;mAh&nbsp;g−1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 17&nbsp;mA&nbsp;g−1, which is 98% of theoretical specific capacity. A remarkably stable capacity of 87&nbsp;mAh&nbsp;g−1 was observed even after 1000 cycles with 100% coulombic efficiency at a current density of 200&nbsp;mA&nbsp;g−1. The reversible electrochemical lithiation/delithiation mechanism of Li2-PDI was studied by ex-situ XRD and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Rational Functionalization of Perylene Diimide for Stable Capacity and Long-term Cycling Performance for Li-ion Batteries

Lithium perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylate (Li-PTCA) is synthesized starting from perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracaboxylicacid-dianhydride (PTCDA). In Li-PTCA, the carbonyl group of the carboxylate redox centers exhibits excellent electrochemical reversibility at an average voltage of 1.2 V with respect to Li+/Li. We have improved the rate capability and capacity of Li-PTCA based electrode by in-situ coating of Li-PTCA with conducting acetylene black carbon. We have demonstrated enhanced rate capability, improved capacity and reduced charge transfer resistance in the in-situ carbon coated electrode vis a vis electrode fabricated by conventional method. A capacity of 120 mAh g-1 is observed at the end of the 50 cycles, at 240 mA g-1. Ex-situ XRD studies have revealed that the crystal structure is robust and is stable for reversible insertion of Li. In-situ carbon coated Na-PTCA shows better reversibility and high capacity retention even after 100 cycles when cycled using current densities as high as 500 mA g-1. © 2015 Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Improved electrochemical performance of lithium/sodium perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylate as an anode material for secondary rechargeable batteries

Structure-Property of Metal Organic Frameworks Calcium Terephthalates Anodes for Lithium-ion Batteries

Scientific Reports

Electrochemically active, crystalline, mesoporous covalent organic frameworks on carbon nanotubes for synergistic lithium-ion battery energy storage

Journal	Data powered by TypesetElectrochimica Acta
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier Ltd
ISSN	00134686
Open Access	No