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Poly(vinyl alcohol)-polyacrylamide blends with cesium salts of heteropolyacid as a polymer electrolyte for direct methanol fuel cell applications
Balasubramanian Viswanathan
Published in
2010
Volume: 116
   
Issue: 6
Pages: 3437 - 3447
Abstract
A class of inorganic-organic hybrid membranes with low methanol permeability characteristics for possible direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications was architected, formulated, and fabricated through the blending of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polyacrylamide (PAM) followed by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (Glu). Cesium salts of different heteropolyacids, including phosphomolybdic acid (PMA), phosphotungstic acid (PWA), and silicotungstic acid (SWA), were incorporated into the polymer network to form corresponding hybrid membrane materials, namely, PVA-PAM-CsPMA-Glu, PVA-PAM-CsPWA-Glu, and PVA-PAM-CsSWA-Glu, respectively (where ''Cs'' together with a heteropolyacid abbreviation indicates the cesium salt of that acid). All the three hybrid polymer membranes fabricated exhibited excellent swelling, thermal, oxidative, and additive stability properties with desired proton conductivities in the range 10-2 S/cm at 50% relative humidity. A dense network formation was achieved through the blending of PVA and PAM and by crosslinking with Glu, which led to an order of magnitude decrease in the methanol permeability compared to the state-of-the-art commercial Nafion 115 membrane. The hybrid membrane containing CsSWA exhibited a very low methanol permeability (1.4- 10-8 cm2/s) compared to other membranes containing cesium salt of heteropolyacids such as PMA and PWA. The feasibility of these hybrid membranes as proton-conducting electrolytes in DMFC was investigated, and the preliminary results were compared with those of Nafion 115. The results illustrate the attractive features and suitability of the fabricated hybrid membranes as an electrolyte for DMFC applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 3437-3447, 2010.
About the journal
JournalJournal of Applied Polymer Science
ISSN00218995
Open AccessNo
Concepts (55)
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    Blends
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    CESIUM SALTS
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    Dense network
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    DIRECT METHANOL
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    GLUTARALDEHYDES
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    HETEROPOLY ACIDS
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    HYBRID MEMBRANE
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    HYBRID POLYMERS
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    INORGANIC-ORGANIC HYBRID MEMBRANES
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    LOW METHANOL PERMEABILITY
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    Methanol permeability
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    Order of magnitude
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    PHOSPHOMOLYBDIC ACID
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    PHOSPHOTUNGSTIC ACID
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    POLYACRY LAMIDE
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    POLYACRYLAMIDES
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    Polymer electrolyte
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    POLYMER NETWORKS
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    PROTON-CONDUCTING ELECTROLYTE
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    Relative humidities
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    SILICOTUNGSTIC ACID
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    Stability properties
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    Aldehydes
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    ARTS COMPUTING
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    Associative storage
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    Atmospheric humidity
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    Blending
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    Capillarity
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    Cesium
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    DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS (DMFC)
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    Electrolytes
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    Fabrication
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    Functional polymers
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    Hybrid materials
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    Methanol
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    METHANOL FUELS
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    Pneumatic control equipment
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    PNEUMATIC DRIVES
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    Polymer blends
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    Polymers
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    Protons
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    Pulse amplitude modulation
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    Salts
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    Stability
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    SULFUR COMPOUNDS
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    Membranes
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    Alcohol
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    Cross linking
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    Electrolyte
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    Fuel cell
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    Humidity
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    Membrane
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    Polyacrylamide
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    Polyvinyl alcohol
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    Swelling