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Design and evaluation of Konjac glucomannan-based bioactive interpenetrating network (IPN) scaffolds for engineering vascularized bone tissues
Hemalatha Kanniyappan, Sudip Chakraborty,
Published in Elsevier B.V.
2020
PMID: 31811851
Volume: 143
   
Pages: 30 - 40
Abstract
Synthetic bone grafts are being developed to overcome the limitations of conventional treatments for bone defects. In this study, we have fabricated bioactive binary and novel ternary interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) scaffolds using a combination of natural and synthetic polymers. The binary IPN scaffolds were prepared using Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In the novel ternary IPN scaffolds, polycaprolactone (PCL) was added to PVA and KGM. SEM images showed that these scaffolds were microporous with good interconnectivity. Compression testing confirmed that both the scaffolds are mechanically strong, with the ternary scaffolds having moduli comparable to the natural bone. In vitro cytocompatibility studies performed with NIH/3T3 fibroblasts cells and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells demonstrated the non-toxic and osseointegrating nature of the scaffolds. Confocal images confirmed that the cells migrated into the interconnected pores of the scaffolds. RT-PCR analysis showed that both binary and ternary scaffolds enhanced the expression of the major bone marker genes, viz., ALP, BMP-2, COLLAGEN-1, and OSTEOCALCIN. However, the expression of these osteogenic markers was significantly enhanced in the ternary scaffolds compared to the binary scaffolds. In vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay shows that these scaffolds possess excellent pro-angiogenic properties. Hence, these desirable biological properties, coupled with the suitable physicochemical properties, make these IPN scaffolds ideal for treating bone defects. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
About the journal
JournalData powered by TypesetInternational Journal of Biological Macromolecules
PublisherData powered by TypesetElsevier B.V.
ISSN01418130
Open AccessNo
Concepts (33)
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    Alkaline phosphatase
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    Bone morphogenetic protein 2
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    Collagen type 1
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    MANNAN
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    OSTEOCALCIN
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    Polycaprolactone
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    Polymer
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    Polyvinyl alcohol
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    ALP GENE
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    AMORPHOPHALLUS KONJAC
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    Angiogenesis
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    Animal cell
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    Article
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    BMP 2 GENE
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    Bone development
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    BONE TISSUE
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    Cell migration
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    CHORIOALLANTOIS
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    COLLAGEN 1 GENE
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    Compression
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    Controlled study
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    Embryo
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    Gene expression
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    In vitro study
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    In vivo study
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    MG-63 CELL LINE
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    Mouse
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    Nih 3t3 cell line
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    Nonhuman
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    Osseointegration
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    OSTEOCALCIN GENE
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    Physical chemistry
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    Tissue engineering