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CFD analysis of dense gas dispersion in indoor environment for risk assessment and risk mitigation
, Thiyagarajan R. Swaminathan
Published in
2012
PMID: 22301078
Volume: 209-210
   
Pages: 177 - 185
Abstract
Environmental risks are inherent in the operation of any complex chemical process industry. The indoor release of hazardous chemicals that are denser than air is a topic of special concern, since dense clouds tend to persist at ground level or human breath level which leads to a magnification of their harmful potential. In the present work, we propose a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based model for indoor risk assessment considering accidental release of a sustained, small, undetected leak of a dense toxic gas (chlorine) in an industrial indoor environment. Results from simulations show that the denser chlorine gas spreads like a liquid and flows all along the floor. At the same time, its concentration at a point away from the ground level increases slowly, thus showing that both stratification and dilution effects are present as the dense gas spreads. The implications of this spreading pattern from a risk assessment and risk mitigation point of view are discussed. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
About the journal
JournalJournal of Hazardous Materials
ISSN03043894
Open AccessNo
Concepts (39)
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    ACCIDENTAL RELEASE
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    Cfd analysis
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    Chemical process industry
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    CHLORINE GAS
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    DENSE GAS
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    Dilution effect
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    ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
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    Ground level
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    HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
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    HUMAN BREATH
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    Indoor environment
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    Risk mitigation
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    Species transport
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    Chemical industry
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    Chlorine
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    Computational fluid dynamics
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    Risk assessment
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    Concentration (composition)
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    DISPERSION
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    Environmental risk
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    Hazardous waste
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    Health risk
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    Indoor air
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    Industrial emission
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    Mitigation
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    Stratified flow
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    Toxic substance
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    Article
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    Concentration (parameters)
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    Dilution
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    Environment
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    GAS DISPERSION
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    Indoor air pollution
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    INDUSTRIAL INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
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    Mathematical model
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    Stratification
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    Air pollution, indoor
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    Gases
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    Risk management