Platelike structures, made of composites, are being increasingly used for fabricating aircraft wings and other aircraft substructures. Continuous monitoring of the health of these structures would aid the reliable operation of aircrafts. This paper considers the use of a Lamb wave based structural health monitoring (SHM) system to identify and locate defects in large multilayered composite plates. The SHM system comprises of a single transmitter and multiple receivers, coupled to one side of the plate that send and receive Lamb waves. The proposed algorithm processes the data collected from the receivers and generates a reconstructed image of the material state of the composite plate. The algorithm is based on phased addition in the frequency domain to compensate for the dispersion of Lamb waves. In addition, small deviations from circularity of the slowness curves of Lamb wave modes, due to anisotropy, are corrected for by assuming that the phase and group velocity directions coincide locally. Experiments were performed on an anisotropic multilayered composite plate containing a single defect. Reconstruction of the defect is carried out using data for a weakly anisotropic Lamb wave mode as a proof of concept of the proposed algorithm. © 2006 Acoustical Society of America.