We propose and demonstrate a generalized framework for performance limit evaluation and comparison of multihop optical repeated and regenerated links. The model developed is implementation agnostic and applies to multihop optical links of varied forms, including fiber, free space, and underwater links. The framework estimates the best-case performance gains of deploying an all-regenerative link over an all-repeater link for any given implementation. The implementation-independent technique is then illustrated using guided and free-space optical links. An abstract model is developed first with the evolution of signal, noise power, and bit error rate down the link compared and contrasted for both cases. The model is then evaluated using physical parameters for a typical fiber optic intensity-modulated direct detection link, and the obtained all-regenerator link performance advantage is translated to extra reach and lower transmission power requirements. Further, certain approximations are provided to reduce computational complexity and improve the analytical tractability of the procedure, which could be particularly helpful when employed in specialized hardware or for dynamic reconfiguration networks. Finally, the framework's versatility is established by employing it in analyzing an ideal free-space link and comparing amplify and forward links against decode and forward counterparts. Similar results are also reproduced on a commercial optical link simulation suite. Detailed literature on link analysis is provided for fiber, free space, and underwater links, bringing out their similarities. We conclude by elaborating on various current and emerging application domains and certain limitations of the proposed technique. © 2013 IEEE.