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Wear-induced mechanical degradation of plastics by low-energy wet-grinding
Kartik Ravishankar, Balaji Sadhasivam, Dhamodharan Raghavachari
Published in Elsevier Ltd
2018
Volume: 158
   
Pages: 212 - 219
Abstract
Mechanical degradation of polymers reported so far, utilize cutting, impact or attrition for size reduction, which is very different from the low-magnitude forces experienced by the polymers during their service life. In this work, we have studied the effect of such low-magnitude forces, on the polymeric materials, using a low-energy rolling compression-type wet-grinder. The rolling compression action produces shear and compression on the polymer, leading to abrasion and resulting in the formation of crazes, micro-cracks and chip-offs, akin to the wearing. Measurements using Raman spectroscopy showed that the shear forces, generated upon grinding, produced strains on the polymer backbone, which upon sufficient build-up, results in chain scission at the points of physical entanglement. These homolytic chain scissions produced “mechano”radicals, which were confirmed by radical-scavenging using DPPH. The ensuing reduction in the molecular weight was further analyzed using GPC, light scattering and viscometry. Surprisingly, XRD measurements showed strain-induced crystallization as well. In order to theoretically validate the studies, a probabilistic model, explaining the “complex” response of the molecular weight distribution and the PDI upon mechanical degradation, has also been presented. Crosslink density function was incorporated to explain the preferential chain scission of the high molecular weight species, leading to a gradual reduction in the average molar mass. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
About the journal
JournalData powered by TypesetPolymer Degradation and Stability
PublisherData powered by TypesetElsevier Ltd
ISSN01413910
Open AccessNo
Concepts (19)
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    Chains
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    Degradation
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    Depolymerization
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    Fluidized bed combustors
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    Grinding (machining)
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    Light scattering
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    Molecular weight distribution
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    Probability distributions
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    Strain
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    Wear of materials
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    CHAIN SCISSION
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    High molecular weight
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    Mechanical degradation
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    MECHANO-CHEMISTRY
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    Probabilistic modeling
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    Simulation
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    STRAININDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION
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    WET GRINDING
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    Polymers