The effect of microbiological parameters, Viz., slant age, inoculum age and amount of inoculum were studied using response surface methodology for the production of pectolytic enzymes, polymethylgalacturonase, polygalacturonase and pectinlyase. The central composite design was used to determine the individual optimum values. Individual optimum values of slant age, inoculum age and amount of inoculum were 49.5 h, 52.3 h and 11.2%, respectively, for polymethylgalacturonase; 62.4 h, 60.5 h and 14.4%, respectively, for polygalacturonase, and 78.3 h, 52.5 h and 1314%, respectively, for pectinlyase. In order to develop a two-stage inoculum possessing the best conditions for the maximum production of all three enzymes, a multiresponse analysis was carried out using a generalized distance approach. The microbiological parameters were optimized simultaneously for maximum production of enzymes. The simultaneous optimal values of slant age, inoculum age and amount of inoculum were 81.4 h, 66.7 h and 15.8%, respectively, for all the three enzymes. After optimization, the fermentation time was reduced from 144 to 120 h.

T Panda

Department Of Chemical Engineering

G. Sathya Narayana Naidu

POLYGALACTURONASE

article

Aspergillus niger

enzyme synthesis

Fermentation

FOOD INDUSTRY

nonhuman

statistical analysis

IIT Madras is a public technical and research university located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Founded in 1959, it is recognised as an Institute of National Importance.

IIT Madras has been ranked as the top engineering institute in India for four years in a row by the National Institutional Ranking Framework of the MHRD

It currently offers undergraduate, postgraduate and research degrees across 16 disciplines in Engineering, Sciences, Humanities and Management. About 596 faculty belonging to science and engineering departments and centres of the Institute are engaged in teaching, research and industrial consultancy.

IIT Madras

Multiresponse analysis of microbiological parameters affecting the production of pectolytic enzymes by Aspergillus niger: a statistical view

Process Biochemistry

In this study, the optimization of different process variables—pH (4–6), aeration rate (200–550 rpm) and agitation rate (0.6–1.8 vvm) were investigated using rotating simplex method and uniform design method to enhance xylitol production from xylose by D. nepalensis in a batch stirred tank bioreactor. Maximum xylitol productivity (0.576 g L−1 h−1) was obtained at pH 4.0, agitation 300 rpm and aeration 1.5 vvm by rotating simplex method. Individual optimum values of pH, agitation and aeration are 4.2, 370 rpm and 1.2 vvm, respectively, for productivity, 4.3, 350 rpm and 1.0 vvm, respectively for xylitol concentration and 4.4, 360 rpm and 0.8 vvm, respectively for yield. Using generalized distance approach, the simultaneous optimal values were found to be—pH 4.3, 370 rpm and 0.9 vvm. After multi-response analysis, batch fermentation at optimal operating conditions resulted in enhanced productivity (0.76 g L−1 h−1), xylitol concentration (59.4 g L−1) and yield (0.58 g g−1) with an increase of 76.74 % of xylitol productivity. © 2016, The Author(s).

Fulltext

3 Biotech

Multi response optimization for enhanced xylitol production by Debaryomyces nepalensis in bioreactor

Pectic transeliminases, also known as pectic lyases or pectinases, are involved in the degradation of pectic substances. They have a wide range of applications in food and textile processing. Although Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. produce pectin lyases, bacteria are the major producers of polygalacturonate lyase. The yields of pectic transeliminases are less than other pectinases. Since new applications for pectic transeliminases are emerging, an improved process for the production of these enzymes is necessary. © Springer 2005.

Biotechnology Letters

Microbial pectic transeliminases

Pectinases are a complex group of enzymes that degrade various pectic substances present in plant tissues. Pectinases have potential applications in fruit, paper and textile industries. Apart from these industrial applications, these enzymes possess biological importance in protoplast fusion technology and plant pathology. Since applications of pectinases in various fields are widening, it is important to understand the nature and properties of these enzymes for efficient and effective usage. For the past few years, vigorous research has been carried out on isolation and characterization of pectinases. New affinity matrices with improved characteristics and affinity-precipitation techniques have been developed for purification of pectinases. Recently much attention has been focused on chemical modification of pectinases and their catalytic performance by various researchers. These studies are helpful in determining key amino acid residues responsible for substrate binding, catalytic action, and physico-chemical environmental conditions for maximum hydrolysis. This short review highlights progress on purification and understanding the biochemical aspects of microbial pectinases. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Purification and biochemical properties of microbial pectinases - A review

The critical parameters, such as slant age, mycelium age and contact time of mycelium with lytic enzymes which affects the formation of protoplast from the Penicillium griseofulvum mycelium were studied using a novel technique called response surface methodology. The design used to optimize these parameters was full factorial central composite design. The number of protoplasts, viability of protoplasts and griseofulvin yield are the three responses studied in this communication. The individual optimum values of slant age, inoculum age and contact time obtained are 187.1, 30.81, 21.4 h, respectively, for number of protoplast/ml 68.92, 33.01, 9.88 h, respectively, for percentage viability of protoplasts and 230.2, 73.6, 31.2 h, respectively, for griseofulvin. In order to obtain a single optimum value for all the three responses, a multi-response analysis was carried out using a generalized distance approach. The simultaneous optimum values of slant age, inoculum age and contact time are 133.78, 37.1 and 15.97 h, respectively, for all the three responses. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Biochemical Engineering Journal

Statistical analysis on some critical parameters affecting the formation of protoplasts from the mycelium of Penicillium griseofulvum

The present study deals with the production of cold active polygalacturonase (PGase) by submerged fermentation usingThalassospira frigidphilosprofundus, a novel species isolated from deep waters of Bay of Bengal. Nonlinear models were applied to optimize the medium components for enhanced production of PGase. Taguchi orthogonal array design was adopted to evaluate the factors influencing the yield of PGase, followed by the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) to identify the optimum concentrations of the key factors responsible for PGase production. Data obtained from the above mentioned statistical experimental design was used for final optimization study by linking the artificial neural network and genetic algorithm (ANN-GA). Using ANN-GA hybrid model, the maximum PGase activity (32.54 U/mL) was achieved at the optimized concentrations of medium components. In a comparison between the optimal output of RSM and ANN-GA hybrid, the latter favored the production of PGase. In addition, the study also focused on the determination of factors responsible for pectin hydrolysis by crude pectinase extracted fromT. frigidphilosprofundusthrough the central composite design. Results indicated 80% degradation of pectin in banana fiber at 20°C in 120 min, suggesting the scope of cold active PGase usage in the treatment of raw banana fibers.

BioMed Research International

Optimization of Polygalacturonase Production from a Newly IsolatedThalassospira frigidphilosprofundusto Use in Pectin Hydrolysis: Statistical Approach

A kinetic analysis and optimization of reaction conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin using chitinase produced by Trichoderma harzianum NCIM 1185 was carried out. Swollen chitin was used as the substrate for chitinase. The central composite design was followed for this optimization. The required volume ratio of the major reactants for maximum hydrolysis was determined. The pH and temperature optima were found to be 4.75 and 47 °C respectively. K(m) and V(max) for this enzyme were 4.643 kg/m3 and 0.1542 U respectively.

Bioprocess Engineering

Parameters optimization of chitin hydrolysis by Trichoderma harzianum chitinase under assay conditions

Propionic acid production by whole cells of Propionibacterium freudenreichii

Enzyme and Microbial Technology

Concomitant biosynthesis of Aspergillus niger pectolytic enzymes and citric acid on sucrose

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Production of pectolytic enzymes by Aspergillus niger: effect of inoculum size and potassium hexacyanoferrate II-trihydrate

Food Hydrocolloids

Enzymatic hydrolysis of carrot for extraction of a cloud-stable juice

Multiresponse analysis of microbiological parameters affecting the production of pectolytic enzymes by Aspergillus niger: A statistical view

Journal	Process Biochemistry
ISSN	13595113
Open Access	No