Pulse Wave Velocity(PWV) is an established measure of arterial stiffness. We present a method of measuring local pulse wave velocity by the use of Magnetic Plethysmograph(MPG) sensors. The design of a Compact Single element MPG (CS-MPG) sensor is presented. The functionality of the sensor is verified by phantom experiments. The utility of this sensor for in-vivo measurements of PWV is also demonstrated. Further, a Dual-element MPG (D-MPG) for evaluation of local PWV is also presented. The error in measurement of PWV using this sensor is characterised experimentally and shown to be within acceptable limits. The ability of this dual element sensor to measure local PWV in-vivo is also demonstrated by trials on volunteers. © 2013 IEEE.

Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

Department of Electrical Engineering

Jayaraj Joseph

Anand Chandrasekhar

Acceptable limit

ARTERIAL STIFFNESS

In-vivo

IN-VIVO MEASUREMENT

PHANTOM EXPERIMENT

PULSE WAVE VELOCITY

SINGLE ELEMENT

Acoustic wave velocity

Biomedical equipment

Sensors

IIT Madras is a public technical and research university located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Founded in 1959, it is recognised as an Institute of National Importance.

IIT Madras has been ranked as the top engineering institute in India for four years in a row by the National Institutional Ranking Framework of the MHRD

It currently offers undergraduate, postgraduate and research degrees across 16 disciplines in Engineering, Sciences, Humanities and Management. About 596 faculty belonging to science and engineering departments and centres of the Institute are engaged in teaching, research and industrial consultancy.

IIT Madras

Local Pulse Wave Velocity estimation using Magnetic Plethysmograph

Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS

Noninvasive evaluation of arterial compliance by measurement of Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) has proven utility in cardiovascular screening. We present the design of a novel Magnetic PlethysmoGraph (MPG) for non-invasive estimation of PWV. The system uses a Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) sensor to detect the fluctuations caused by blood flow in an ambient magnetic field encompassing the blood vessel. The design of an Electro Magnet (EM) based MPG transducer is presented. The ability of the proposed transducer to detect the blood pulse waveform is verified by in-vivo tests and an occlusion test. The design is further validated by demonstrating in-vivo measurements of carotid to radial artery PWV. The design of a dual element transducer for evaluation of local PWV is also presented. The proposed dual element plethysmograph is capable of measuring PWV over sections of the arterial tree as small as 15 mm. © 2012 IEEE.

A novel magnetic plethysmograph for non-invasive evaluation of arterial compliance

The modulated magnetic signature based method has been recently suggested for non-invasive detection of blood pulse. Here we present our experience with the use of a Giant Magnetic Resistance (GMR) based sensor for non-invasive detection of a bio-rhythm. The influence of the biasing magnetic field on the amplitude and shape of the detected signal is presented. Guidelines for the design of a bio-medical transducer using the principle are also provided. The detected biorhythm is compared to other bio signals such as the blood flow velocity and arterial distension to gain insight into the physiological significance of the detected signal. The analysis shows that the magnetic sensor provides a signal that is strongly correlated to the blood volume in the neighbourhood of the sensor. Finally, the possibility of using the GMR based sensor for estimation of arterial compliance is investigated. Simultaneous measurements performed at two different sites on the body show that this sensor can be used to measure arterial pulse wave velocity which is a clinically accepted measure of global arterial stiffness. © 2010 IEEE.

Proceedings of 2010 IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, IECBES 2010

Magnetic sensor for non-invasive detection of blood pulse and estimation of arterial compliance

2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

Using dual-antenna nanosecond pulse near-field sensing technology for non-contact and continuous blood pressure measurement

Atherosclerosis

Magnetic resonance of carotid artery ageing in healthy subjects

Journal of Human Hypertension

Comparative study of methodologies for pulse wave velocity estimation

Journal	Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS
ISSN	1557170X
Open Access	No