Structural health monitoring of plate like structures, using transducer arrays located suitably on the structure, finds applications in monitoring aerospace structures. These plates are anisotropic, with wave propagation properties varying with direction. Single Transmitter Multiple Receiver (STMR) arrays have been shown before to have the ability to locally characterize the stiffness properties of a composite material with anisotropy. The STMR arrays have also been demonstrated for SHM applications using phase reconstruction techniques. The guided ultrasonic Lamb waves are used where the central piezoelectric wafer-active sensor (PWAS) emits the guided waves, and the other PWAS sensors receive the Lamb wave signals. In the current work, this technique has been extended to the determination of global elastic moduli using the Lamb wave S0 and A0 mode signals that are reflected from features in the structure such as edge of the plate, bolt holes, etc. that are known apriori using STMR array and then reconstruct the unknown defects present on the structure using the same sensor array. The reconstruction of elastic moduli is accomplished using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) based inversion algorithm that optimizes an objective function for a particular configuration of the STMR array and the elastic moduli of the component. The solution to this inversion is the global elastic moduli of the composite which is then used to determine the unknown defects in the test component. Simulations were carried out using S0 and A0 mode velocity data for composite layups such as unidirectional, cross-ply, and quasi-isotropic graphite-epoxy composite layups. The inversion algorithm was tested using the simulated edge reflector data and found to agree well with the expected values. Experimental validation has been performed on 3.15 mm quasi-isotropic graphite-epoxy composite. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.