Investigations on the dry sliding wear behavior of tungsten carbide (WC)-reinforced iron matrix composites were carried out at room temperature. Three sets of samples (unreinforced iron, 4 wt% micrometer-size (∼5-15 μm) WC-reinforced iron and 4 wt% nanosize (∼30 nm) WC-reinforced iron were prepared using a powder metallurgy route to assess their friction and wear behaviors under two different loads. The relative dry sliding wear performances of the micrometer-size and nanosize WC-reinforced composites were compared with unreinforced matrix. An increase in microhardness of the order of 2.5 times was observed in the case of 4 wt% nanosize WC-reinforced iron matrix compared to the unreinforced iron matrix. The wear rate was 1.35 to 1.45 times lower in the case of nanocomposites compared to the unreinforced iron matrix (under different experimental conditions). The values of the coefficient of friction (COF) of composites were found to decrease with increase in load. Nanocomposites showed lower COF, surface roughness, and fractal dimension (D) values than micrometer-size WC-reinforced composites and the unreinforced iron matrix. © 2014 Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.