Failures of biomedical implants due to implant-related infections and implant loosening remains a major concern in orthopaedic fixations. The current work aims to address the issues by examining the effect of dual interaction i.e surface modification and surface coatings on orthopaedic implant materials, i.e. commercially pure titanium (cpTi). The cpTi surface was initially modified with piranha solution (H2SO4 + H2O2) to create an antibacterial surface. Further, the biological properties similar to bone tissue were improved by electrospun coating on the piranha treated substrate with poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL)/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite nanofibers. The PCL/HA composite nanofibers have been characterized using SEM, XRD, EDS contact angle measurements, and FTIR spectroscopy. The coating adhesion of PCL/HA on cpTi was evaluated by cross-cut tape test (ASTM D3359-09). The newly fabricated substrates showed favourable properties and higher wettability. The antibacterial tests on piranha treated nanostructured substrates also confirmed a substantial reduction in bacterial growth over large areas. Cellular interactive responses such as adhesive and proliferation of osteosarcoma MG-63 cell lines has also demonstrated that presence of PCL/HA electrospun coating on the modified surface have improved the biological properties. The currently developed piranha treated and PCL/HA nanocomposite coated cpTi substrates seems to be a promising method to obtain both antibacterial and bioactive titanium surfaces. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.