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Dry Electrode Optimization for Wrist-based Electrodermal Activity Monitoring
A. S. Anusha, S. P. Preejith, ,
Published in Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
2018
Abstract
Recent years of healthcare research has shown an increasing demand and interest in wearable personal healthcare systems. This, when combined with the superior utility of Electrodermal activity (EDA) for diverse applications ranging from market research to human stress and sleep quality analysis to seizure detection have driven significant interest towards optimizing dry electrode designs for EDA monitoring. The conventional wet adhesive Ag/AgCl electrodes, which is the gold standard, is used almost universally and provide excellent signal quality. However, they are less comfortable and not suitable for wearable scenarios that involve continuous long-term monitoring. This study focuses on identifying an optimum dry electrode configuration for monitoring EDA from the wrist. It is hypothesized that parameters like electrode material, interelectrode distance and anatomical location of measurement influence the dry electrode design for EDA detection. Accordingly, stainless steel, silver, brass and gold electrodes were fabricated with geometry and dimensions similar to that of commercially available standard wet electrodes. The fabricated electrodes were further investigated with interelectrode separations of 2 cm and 4 cm, both on the ventral and dorsal surfaces of the wrist at 6 cm distance from the carpus, thereby constituting 16 dry electrode configurations. An experimental protocol that spanned over 10 hours per subject was designed to investigate these configurations systematically and to identify the one that yielded the highest correlation with the gold standard. Also, the stabilization period for these dry electrode configurations were quantified as the time taken by the EDA signal to reach within ± 5% of its final value. The experimental study done on 7 subjects (3 females and 4 males, age: 23.3 ± 2.8 years; mean ± SD) illustrated that silver electrodes worn on the dorsal surface of the wrist with an interelectrode separation of 4 cm performed consistently well on all subjects with an average Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.899 ± 0.036, following an average stabilization time of 27.1 minutes. © 2018 IEEE.
Concepts (15)
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    Correlation methods
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    Health care
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    Silver
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    Sleep research
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    Stabilization
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    Wearable technology
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    ANATOMICAL LOCATIONS
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    DRY ELECTRODE
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    ELECTRODERMAL ACTIVITY
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    EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS
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    INTERELECTRODE DISTANCE
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    INTERELECTRODE SEPARATION
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    Pearson correlation coefficients
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    WRIST-BASED WEARABLES
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    Electrodes