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Controlled polymerization of carbazole-based vinyl and methacrylate monomers at ambient temperature: A comparative study through ATRP, SET, and SET-RAFT polymerizations
Published in
2011
Volume: 49
   
Issue: 4
Pages: 1021 - 1032
Abstract
The polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (NVK) and carbazole methacrylate (CMA) was carried out using controlled radical polymerization methods such as atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), single electron transfer (SET)-LRP, and single electron transfer initiation followed by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (SET-RAFT). Well-controlled polymerization with narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) < 1.25 was achieved in the case of NVK by high-temperature ATRP while ambient temperature SET-RAFT polymerization was relatively slow and controlled. In the case of CMA, SET-RAFT is found to be more suitable for the ambient temperature polymerization. The polymerization rate followed first order kinetics with respect to monomer conversion and the molecular weight of the polymer increased linearly with conversion. The controlled nature of the polymerization is further demonstrated by the synthesis of diblock copolymers from PNVK and PCMA macroinitiators using a new flavanone-based methacrylate (FMA) as the second monomer. All the polymers exhibited fluorescence. The excimer bands in the homopolymers of PNVK and PCMA were very broad, which may be attributed to the carbazole-carbazole overlap interaction. The scanning electron microscopy analysis of the block copolymer reveals interesting morphological features. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
About the journal
JournalJournal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry
ISSN0887624X
Open AccessNo
Concepts (38)
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    AMBIENT TEMPERATURE POLYMERIZATION
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    Ambient temperatures
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    Comparative studies
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    CONTROLLED POLYMERIZATION
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    CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION
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    DIBLOCK COPOLYMER
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    Excimers
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    First order kinetics
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    Fluorescent polymers
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    High temperature
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    Homopolymers
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    MACROINITIATORS
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    METHACRYLATE MONOMERS
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    Monomer conversions
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    Morphological features
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    N-VINYLCARBAZOLE
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    NARROW MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTIONS
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    POLYMERIZATION RATES
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    RAFT POLYMERIZATION
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    REVERSIBLE ADDITION FRAGMENTATION CHAIN TRANSFER
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    Scanning electrons
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    SINGLE ELECTRON TRANSFER
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    Atoms
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    Block copolymers
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    Copolymerization
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    Electron transitions
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    Fluorescence
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    Free radical polymerization
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    Molecular weight distribution
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    Monomers
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    Plastic products
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    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
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    Polymers
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    Scanning electron microscopy
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    SINGLE ELECTRON TRANSISTORS
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    Temperature
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    Transients
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    ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION