Review on the close spatial and temporal association of carbonatites and hydrocarbon deposits in the Eastern Hemisphere, reveals that the occurrence of carbonatite could be considered an indicator for exploration of hydrocarbon / gas hydrate deposits. The carbonatite magmas / lavas generated in the mantle horizons of the Eastern Hemisphere released huge quantities of volatiles from depth and produced hydrocarbons at near surface conditions within 200 km radius around their volcanic conduits tapping from depth through deep faults. The lightweight hydrocarbon tends to migrate through porous rocks such as sandstone, carbonate rocks and fractured basement crystalline rocks and gets trapped in reservoir rocks such as shale and impervious rocks occurring in Alpine-Himalayan regions extending towards Indonesian arc during northward movement of Indian sub-continent after the break of Gondwana Land. It has also migrated through mid oceanic ridges, plate boundaries and rift and horst structures and deposited in sediments of ocean floors. Copyright © 2009 by The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).