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A mixed ligand approach towards lanthanide-based gels using citric acid as assembler ligand: White light emission and environmental sensing
Alphy Sebastian, Malay Krishna Mahato,
Published in Royal Society of Chemistry
2019
PMID: 30938746
Volume: 15
   
Issue: 16
Pages: 3407 - 3417
Abstract
Fine tuning the optical properties of lanthanide-based gels using low molecular weight gelators has several advantages over the polymeric gelator analogues. Herein, we have prepared a lanthanide-based gel using low molecular weight citric acid as the assembler ligand and the optical properties of the gel were fine-tuned, utilizing a mixed ligand approach, enabling white light emission and environmental sensing (pH and temperature). The coligand utilized in the study was 4′-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine. The resultant mixed-ligand gel exhibited green and red emissions in the presence of Tb(iii) ions and Eu(iii) ions, respectively. White light emission was achieved, with CIE coordinates (0.33, 0.32), in the bimetallic Tb/Eu metallogel formed by the precise control over Tb/Eu ratio. The correlated color temperature (CCT) for white-light-emitting gel was calculated, and the value of 5473 K suggests that the system generates cool white light. While most of the reported low molecular weight gelators exhibit on-off responses to stimulus at a particular value, the present system is capable of gradually monitoring changes for stimuli such as pH and temperature over a wide range (pH from 4-11 and temperature from 20 to 70 °C). The unique design strategy of the gel and the characteristic physicochemical properties of the lanthanide ions resulted in the unprecedented ability of the system to monitor changes in environmental stimuli over a considerable range. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
About the journal
JournalData powered by TypesetSoft Matter
PublisherData powered by TypesetRoyal Society of Chemistry
ISSN1744683X
Open AccessNo
Concepts (18)
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    Citric acid
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    EUROPIUM COMPOUNDS
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    Ions
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    Light emission
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    Molecular weight
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    Optical properties
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    Physicochemical properties
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    Rare earth elements
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    Terbium compounds
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    Correlated color temperature
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    Design strategies
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    Environmental sensing
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    ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI
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    LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT
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    Monitoring change
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    White light emission
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    WHITE LIGHT-EMITTING
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    Ligands